馬踏飛(fei)燕(yan)為(wei)(wei)我國古代雕塑藝術史上神奇而稀(xi)有(you)的瑰寶(bao)，現為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國旅(lv)游(you)圖形標志，既體(ti)現了中(zhong)(zhong)國旅(lv)游(you)文化的深(shen)厚(hou)低蘊(yun)，而且(qie)象征著中(zhong)(zhong)華民族的騰飛(fei)！

意思是：奔馬正在作凌空掠過燕(yan)背(bei)的飛馳；飛燕(yan)是用來比(bi)喻良馬之神速。

馬是(shi)古代陸(lu)地上(shang)速(su)(su)度的象(xiang)征(zheng)，而燕(yan)子是(shi)天(tian)空中速(su)(su)度的象(xiang)征(zheng)。馬踏(ta)在飛燕(yan)身(shen)上(shang)，有(you)一種“天(tian)馬行空，無所(suo)羈(ji)縛”的感覺，充滿(man)體(ti)現了自由與開放！馬踏(ta)飛燕(yan)具(ju)有(you)的蓬勃生命力和一往無前(qian)的氣勢，更是(shi)中華(hua)民族(zu)的象(xiang)征(zheng)！

擴展資料

東漢(han)銅奔(ben)馬(ma)，別稱馬(ma)超龍(long)雀、馬(ma)踏(ta)飛燕、銅奔(ben)馬(ma)、馬(ma)襲烏鴉、鷹掠馬(ma)、馬(ma)踏(ta)飛隼(sun)、凌云奔(ben)馬(ma)等，為東漢(han)青銅器(qi)，1969年10月(yue)出土于(yu)甘(gan)肅(su)省武威市(shi)雷臺漢(han)墓(mu)，現(xian)藏(zang)于(yu)甘(gan)肅(su)省博物館。

東漢銅奔馬(ma)身高34.5厘米，身長(chang)45厘米，寬13厘米，重7.15千克。形象矯健(jian)俊美，別具(ju)風姿。馬(ma)昂首(shou)嘶鳴，軀干壯實而四肢修長(chang)，腿蹄輕捷，三(san)足(zu)騰空、飛馳向前，一足(zu)踏(ta)飛燕。

東漢銅奔馬在1983年10月被國家(jia)旅游局確(que)定為中國旅游標(biao)志，1986年被定為國寶級文物(wu)，2002年1月被列入(ru)《首批禁止出國（境(jing)） 展覽文物(wu)目錄》。

東漢(han)銅(tong)奔馬身(shen)高34.5厘(li)米(mi)，身(shen)長45厘(li)米(mi)，寬13厘(li)米(mi)，重7.15千(qian)克。馬昂首嘶鳴，軀(qu)干壯實而(er)四肢修長，腿蹄輕捷，三足騰空(kong)、飛馳向前，一(yi)足踏飛燕。一(yi)匹(pi)軀(qu)體龐大的馬踏在一(yi)只正(zheng)疾馳的龍(long)雀背上，小龍(long)雀吃驚地回過頭來觀望，表現了(le)駿(jun)馬凌(ling)空(kong)飛騰、奔跑(pao)疾速的雄姿(zi)。

銅奔(ben)馬微微地偏向一側(ce)的(de)頭高昂著(zhu)，前(qian)面頭頂(ding)的(de)鬃毛(mao)和后面的(de)馬尾一致向后方(fang)飄飛，渾圓(yuan)的(de)軀體呈流線型，四肢(zhi)動感強(qiang)烈，三蹄(ti)騰空，右后蹄(ti)踏(ta)一展(zhan)翅(chi)奮飛、回首驚視的(de)“風神鳥”龍(long)雀(que)。

東漢(han)銅(tong)(tong)奔(ben)馬(ma)是(shi)在漢(han)代(dai)社會(hui)尚馬(ma)習俗的影響下(xia)產生的具有重(zhong)要價值的青銅(tong)(tong)工藝品。馬(ma)是(shi)漢(han)代(dai)社會(hui)的重(zhong)要交通工具、軍(jun)事(shi)裝(zhuang)備和(he)(he)農業生產畜力。漢(han)朝(chao)政府給馬(ma)立“口籍”，武(wu)帝作《天馬(ma)歌》，馬(ma)在各(ge)種場合被神(shen)化和(he)(he)奉頌(song)。

漢(han)代(dai)(dai)(dai)社會(hui)盛(sheng)行(xing)車(che)馬(ma)冥(ming)器(qi)隨(sui)葬(zang)，視馬(ma)為財富的象征。漢(han)代(dai)(dai)(dai)的“車(che)馬(ma)出行(xing)儀(yi)仗隊”和(he)“出行(xing)圖”在墓葬(zang)壁畫(hua)和(he)畫(hua)像石、畫(hua)像磚上(shang)是常見題材。銅奔馬(ma)別具(ju)一格，與其(qi)他車(che)馬(ma)相互襯托，體現了墓葬(zang)隨(sui)葬(zang)冥(ming)器(qi)的普遍性和(he)特殊性的統一。漢(han)代(dai)(dai)(dai)開拓疆域，通(tong)西域，設河西四(si)郡，馬(ma)發揮了獨特的作(zuo)用。

根據河西(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)簡的(de)記載：馬(ma)被廣泛(fan)地用(yong)于交通驛站、長城防(fang)御、軍事行(xing)動、民族和親等方(fang)面。史料記載，漢(han)(han)(han)武(wu)帝曾三次派人(ren)到(dao)西(xi)域求烏孫馬(ma)，馬(ma)在漢(han)(han)(han)代可謂(wei)戰(zhan)功赫(he)(he)赫(he)(he)，功績卓著(zhu)。

參(can)考(kao)資(zi)料(liao)：東(dong)漢銅奔馬-百度百科

馬踏飛燕銅雕塑是中國古代的一件文物(wu)藝術品，它的意(yi)思(si)可以從多(duo)個方(fang)面解(jie)釋(shi)。

馬踏飛燕是一(yi)種傳(chuan)說中(zhong)的(de)形象，據(ju)說古代馬匹(pi)的(de)蹄下會(hui)踏著燕子飛行(xing)，這被(bei)視為一(yi)種吉祥和幸運的(de)象征。馬踏飛燕銅雕塑(su)在一(yi)定程度上代表著吉祥和順利。

馬踏(ta)飛燕(yan)銅(tong)雕(diao)塑(su)在藝(yi)術上也(ye)有(you)著深遠的(de)意義(yi)。它(ta)展示了中(zhong)國傳統(tong)的(de)雕(diao)塑(su)技藝(yi)和審美價值觀，代表了古(gu)代工藝(yi)品的(de)精細和獨特之處。作為一種(zhong)傳統(tong)的(de)銅(tong)雕(diao)藝(yi)術形(xing)式，它(ta)體現(xian)了中(zhong)國古(gu)代文化的(de)魅力，具有(you)一定(ding)的(de)歷史和藝(yi)術價值。

馬踏飛燕(yan)(yan)銅雕(diao)塑也可以被(bei)視為一(yi)種象(xiang)征。馬在中國文(wen)化中一(yi)直被(bei)視為勇(yong)敢、忠誠和(he)(he)力(li)量(liang)的(de)象(xiang)征，而燕(yan)(yan)子則象(xiang)征著自由、靈活和(he)(he)幸(xing)福(fu)。馬踏飛燕(yan)(yan)銅雕(diao)塑的(de)組合可以代表(biao)著勇(yong)敢和(he)(he)忠誠的(de)力(li)量(liang)與自由和(he)(he)幸(xing)福(fu)的(de)結合。

馬(ma)踏飛(fei)燕銅雕塑在吉祥、藝(yi)術(shu)和象(xiang)征意義上都具有重要(yao)的意義，代(dai)表著中國(guo)古代(dai)文化的獨特魅力(li)和價值。

“馬踏飛燕(yan)銅雕(diao)塑”是中國(guo)(guo)古代(dai)藝(yi)術中的一個重(zhong)要代(dai)表作品(pin)，也是中國(guo)(guo)銅雕(diao)藝(yi)術的經典之一。它是由中國(guo)(guo)古代(dai)鑄造工藝(yi)精湛的匠人創作而成。

“馬踏飛(fei)燕(yan)”這一(yi)主題源(yuan)自中(zhong)(zhong)國古(gu)(gu)代(dai)傳說中(zhong)(zhong)的故事。相傳，戰(zhan)國時期的古(gu)(gu)代(dai)將領(ling)烏瞻(zhan)伯駕著(zhu)戰(zhan)馬行(xing)軍，與敵(di)軍遭遇，馬蹄被敵(di)軍箭矢打(da)中(zhong)(zhong)，然而烏瞻(zhan)伯勇猛無(wu)畏，仍然勇往直前。當馬蹄踏在飛(fei)燕(yan)的身(shen)上(shang)，燕(yan)子并沒(mei)有受傷，而是甩(shuai)動翅膀繼續飛(fei)翔。這個故事象(xiang)征(zheng)著(zhu)英(ying)勇無(wu)畏的精(jing)神和一(yi)往無(wu)前的毅力。

“馬踏飛(fei)燕銅雕(diao)塑(su)(su)”以銅材(cai)為主要(yao)材(cai)料，通(tong)過(guo)精細的(de)鑄(zhu)造工藝(yi)和雕(diao)刻(ke)技巧，形象地表(biao)現了這個故事中的(de)場景(jing)。雕(diao)塑(su)(su)通(tong)常呈現出(chu)烏(wu)瞻伯(bo)騎馬踩在飛(fei)燕身上的(de)情景(jing)，通(tong)過(guo)藝(yi)術手法表(biao)達出(chu)烏(wu)瞻伯(bo)的(de)勇猛和飛(fei)燕的(de)順利逃脫(tuo)。這種雕(diao)塑(su)(su)作品不(bu)僅技藝(yi)精湛，還寓意深遠(yuan)，成為中國傳統文化中的(de)經典之一。

“馬踏飛燕銅(tong)雕塑(su)”作為一種藝術品，不(bu)僅(jin)具有欣賞價值，還(huan)承載著歷史文化的(de)積淀和(he)人們崇高的(de)精(jing)神追求(qiu)。它在(zai)藝術領域(yu)中有著重要的(de)地位，被廣(guang)泛(fan)用(yong)于公共(gong)場所、博物館等地，不(bu)僅(jin)展示了中國古代工藝美術的(de)魅(mei)力，同時也傳遞著中華(hua)民族(zu)的(de)文化自信和(he)精(jing)神力量(liang)。

馬踏飛燕(yan)（歷史文物(wu)）一般指東漢銅奔馬。

東漢銅奔馬(ma)身高34.5厘米，身長45厘米，寬13厘米，重7.15千克。馬(ma)昂首嘶(si)鳴，軀干壯實而(er)四(si)肢修長，腿蹄輕捷，三足騰空、飛馳(chi)向前(qian)，一(yi)足踏飛燕(yan)。一(yi)匹軀體龐大(da)的(de)馬(ma)踏在一(yi)只正疾馳(chi)的(de)龍雀背上，小龍雀吃(chi)驚(jing)地回過頭來(lai)觀望，表(biao)現了駿馬(ma)凌空飛騰、奔跑(pao)疾速的(de)雄(xiong)姿。

銅(tong)奔(ben)馬(ma)微微地偏向(xiang)一(yi)側的(de)頭高昂著，前面頭頂的(de)鬃毛和后面的(de)馬(ma)尾一(yi)致向(xiang)后方(fang)飄飛(fei)，渾圓的(de)軀體呈流線(xian)型，四肢動感強(qiang)烈，三(san)蹄(ti)騰(teng)空(kong)，右后蹄(ti)踏一(yi)展翅奮飛(fei)、回首驚視的(de)“風神鳥”龍雀。擴展資料(liao)

關于此馬(ma)(ma)(ma)的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)稱，歷來眾(zhong)多(duo)專(zhuan)家從不同角度為之命(ming)名(ming)，最后將其(qi)(qi)定名(ming)為東(dong)漢銅(tong)奔馬(ma)(ma)(ma)，這也是(shi)被(bei)認可的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)稱，除此以外(wai)還有馬(ma)(ma)(ma)踏龍雀、飛燕騮、紫(zi)燕騮、天馬(ma)(ma)(ma)、馬(ma)(ma)(ma)神天駟、馬(ma)(ma)(ma)踏飛燕等說法。對(dui)于一件藝術品的(de)(de)(de)命(ming)名(ming)有這么多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)說法，這在(zai)藝術史中絕無僅(jin)有，可見其(qi)(qi)在(zai)藝術史上的(de)(de)(de)巨大影響力。

這(zhe)些不同(tong)說法的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)歧點在(zai)于馬足所踏之鳥(niao)的(de)(de)(de)種類。此外還有(you)一種折中的(de)(de)(de)說法——銅奔馬，這(zhe)種定(ding)名很平實，不會(hui)有(you)任何失誤，但也避(bi)開了對于鳥(niao)形底(di)座(zuo)本身屬性的(de)(de)(de)認定(ding)。通過以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)析可以肯定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，在(zai)馬足下加(jia)鳥(niao)形底(di)座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)做法是(shi)此雕塑(su)的(de)(de)(de)一種創新。

東漢(han)銅(tong)奔馬(ma)在動態飛揚下站立的實際問題(ti)。在壁畫、畫像石(shi)等(deng)同類馬(ma)匹造(zao)型中(zhong)并(bing)沒有看到類似的做法。因為壁畫、畫像石(shi)是(shi)在二維或近(jin)于二維上實現，沒必要(yao)節外生枝。

而(er)在雕塑中則是出(chu)于現實需要，東(dong)漢銅奔馬是一件在三維空間(jian)中展開(kai)的(de)有體積和重量的(de)物件，而(er)且動感強(qiang)烈，呈三足(zu)騰(teng)空之勢，如(ru)果(guo)與壁畫采用同樣的(de)方法，則不(bu)可能(neng)使奔馬保持平衡(heng)。因(yin)此在其足(zu)下加上鳥形(xing)底座以固定，解決了這一現實問題。

它顯然是經過精(jing)心(xin)(xin)設計的(de)(de)(de)(de)，既(ji)合(he)平力學(xue)原理(li)，又使奔馬的(de)(de)(de)(de)輕盈和物體的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定雙雙得(de)到完(wan)美的(de)(de)(de)(de)解決，這正(zheng)是它的(de)(de)(de)(de)高超之處。具體而言，鳥形底座平，與地面接觸面積(ji)大(da)(da)，鳥的(de)(de)(de)(de)頭、雙翅、尾呈現伸(shen)展狀(zhuang)，增大(da)(da)了(le)穩(wen)定性(xing)，這道理(li)正(zheng)如三(san)角(jiao)支架。所(suo)有這些，使馬的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)心(xin)(xin)通(tong)過足踏于飛燕背上而能保(bao)持平穩(wen)，構思之精(jing)巧(qiao)無出其(qi)右。

東(dong)漢銅(tong)奔(ben)馬用(yong)鳥形底座，在藝術(shu)上也是(shi)一種創(chuang)造。制作(zuo)者在固定奔(ben)馬的(de)(de)(de)將底座的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)功能與藝術(shu)創(chuang)造結(jie)合起(qi)來，這(zhe)一大(da)膽而又巧(qiao)妙(miao)的(de)(de)(de)做法(fa)，增增添了作(zuo)品的(de)(de)(de)藝術(shu)效果。借助部(bu)件來實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)與審(shen)美目的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)做法(fa)在漢代是(shi)常見的(de)(de)(de)，比如著名的(de)(de)(de)長信(xin)官燈就是(shi)將雕塑(su)與燈結(jie)合，以宮女的(de)(de)(de)袖管(guan)作(zuo)為(wei)排煙(yan)道的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)也是(shi)如此。

塑造一(yi)匹馬(ma)的(de)逼真形象這并不太(tai)難(nan)，然(ran)而要將一(yi)件(jian)(jian)靜止的(de)物件(jian)(jian)表現出(chu)動感，特別(bie)是要表現匹日行千里的(de)良馬(ma)風馳電掣的(de)神速，這就(jiu)不那么容易(yi)了。但(dan)制作者(zhe)卻匠心獨(du)運，運用現實主義(yi)與浪漫(man)主義(yi)相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)的(de)藝術手法(fa)，把奔(ben)馬(ma)和飛鳥(niao)絕妙地結(jie)合(he)在一(yi)起，大膽地讓馬(ma)的(de)右后蹄踏(ta)在一(yi)只凌空飛翔的(de)鳥(niao)身上(shang)。

這(zhe)樣就襯(chen)托出馬的(de)(de)(de)迅疾，使一(yi)匹靜止的(de)(de)(de)銅馬活(huo)靈活(huo)現地呈現在人們面前。東(dong)漢銅奔馬身軀粗壯圓(yuan)渾，但其動作(zuo)輕盈(ying)，用一(yi)足將全身重(zhong)量都放在了一(yi)只(zhi)小(xiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)飛鳥身上，這(zhe)顯然是經過了周密的(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算。小(xiao)鳥似乎正(zheng)吃驚地回首而望，驚愕于同奔馬的(de)(de)(de)不期而遇。簡直就是“揚(yang)鞭只(zhi)共鳥爭飛”的(de)(de)(de)真實再現。

東(dong)漢(han)銅奔馬(ma)是東(dong)漢(han)青(qing)銅藝術的精品(pin)之(zhi)作。東(dong)漢(han)銅奔馬(ma)的造型方式，實際(ji)上沿用(yong)了(le)(le)通(tong)行于當時的奔馬(ma)的形(xing)象，并(bing)且(qie)創造性地加上了(le)(le)飛鳥，既起到了(le)(le)實際(ji)中(zhong)的固定作用(yong)，又增(zeng)加了(le)(le)馬(ma)飛奔的氣勢。

但(dan)它(ta)不(bu)同于近現(xian)代(dai)個體藝術家的(de)創(chuang)作，而(er)是一種程(cheng)式化(hua)的(de)創(chuang)作模式，在形(xing)態上(shang)(shang)(shang)沿(yan)用了(le)當時(shi)通行的(de)奔(ben)馬的(de)造(zao)型，并且在馬足(zu)下加上(shang)(shang)(shang)鳥形(xing)物以支(zhi)撐穩定，這(zhe)是一種創(chuang)造(zao)。整(zheng)體上(shang)(shang)(shang)看，東漢銅奔(ben)馬是漢代(dai)人(ren)勇武豪邁的(de)氣概、昂揚向上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)精神面貌(mao)的(de)表現(xian)，反映了(le)漢王朝的(de)強(qiang)大與富底(di)。

那(nei)個雕像(xiang)叫馬踏(ta)飛燕。

馬踏飛(fei)燕又名馬超(chao)龍雀(que)，為(wei)東漢青銅(tong)器，國寶(bao)級文物(wu)，1969年10月出(chu)土于(yu)甘肅(su)省武威市(shi)雷臺漢墓(mu)，現藏(zang)于(yu)甘肅(su)省博物(wu)館(guan)(guan)，為(wei)甘肅(su)省博物(wu)館(guan)(guan)鎮館(guan)(guan)之寶(bao)。

銅奔(ben)馬通(tong)高34.5厘米，長(chang)45厘米，寬(kuan)13.1厘米，重7.3千(qian)克(ke)，造型(xing)矯健(jian)精美，作昂首(shou)嘶(si)鳴(ming)，疾足奔(ben)馳狀，顯示了(le)一種勇(yong)往直前的(de)豪情壯志，是中(zhong)華民族(zu)偉大氣質(zhi)的(de)象征。

奔(ben)馬三足騰空、一足超(chao)掠飛鳥(niao)(niao)的(de)(de)(de)瞬間，飛鳥(niao)(niao)回首驚顧，更增強奔(ben)馬急速向前的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)勢，全身的(de)(de)(de)著力點(dian)集注于(yu)超(chao)越(yue)(yue)飛鳥(niao)(niao)的(de)(de)(de)一足之上，準(zhun)確地(di)掌握了力學的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)衡原理，具有卓越(yue)(yue)的(de)(de)(de)工藝技(ji)術水平(ping)(ping)。

“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么?“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”有(you)什(shen)么來(lai)歷和含(han)義(yi)?感興趣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)讀者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)跟(gen)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)我(wo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)起看(kan)(kan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)看(kan)(kan)。 說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)到(dao)(dao)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)我(wo)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)比(bi)較熟(shu)悉(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，嘿嘿，想(xiang)必(bi)大家(jia)也(ye)(ye)非(fei)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熟(shu)悉(xi)，小(xiao)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候學過(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呀，現(xian)在我(wo)們(men)又(you)(you)(you)來(lai)研究研究看(kan)(kan)看(kan)(kan)，話說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)啊到(dao)(dao)底有(you)什(shen)么寓意(yi)呢(ni)?這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義(yi)又(you)(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么呢(ni)?下面(mian)我(wo)們(men)繼續來(lai)分析揭秘看(kan)(kan)看(kan)(kan)吧(ba)! 馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思(si) 奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)正在作(zuo)凌(ling)空(kong)(kong)(kong)掠過(guo)(guo)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)背(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)馳(chi);飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)來(lai)比(bi)喻(yu)(yu)良(liang)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)之神(shen)(shen)速。 馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)意(yi)義(yi) 馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)古代雕(diao)塑藝術史上神(shen)(shen)奇而(er)稀有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瑰寶(bao)，現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)旅(lv)游(you)圖形(xing)(xing)標志(zhi)，既(ji)(ji)體現(xian)了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)旅(lv)游(you)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深厚低(di)蘊，而(er)且象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)騰飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)! 馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)簡(jian)介 馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)超(chao)龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)，別稱(cheng)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)、馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)襲烏鴉、鷹掠馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)、馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)隼(sun)、凌(ling)云奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)等，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)器，1969年10月(yue)出(chu)(chu)(chu)土于(yu)甘(gan)(gan)肅(su)(su)省(sheng)武威(wei)市雷臺漢(han)墓(mu)，現(xian)藏于(yu)甘(gan)(gan)肅(su)(su)省(sheng)博物館(guan)。 馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)超(chao)龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)身高34.5厘(li)米(mi)，身長(chang)45厘(li)米(mi)，寬13厘(li)米(mi)，重(zhong)7.15千克。形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)矯健(jian)俊美，別具風(feng)姿。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)昂(ang)首(shou)(shou)嘶(si)鳴，軀(qu)干(gan)壯實(shi)而(er)四肢修長(chang)，腿蹄(ti)輕(qing)捷(jie)，三足(zu)騰空(kong)(kong)(kong)、飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)馳(chi)向前(qian)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)足(zu)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。 作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)旅(lv)游(you)標志(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，1969年10月(yue)出(chu)(chu)(chu)土于(yu)甘(gan)(gan)肅(su)(su)武威(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)靈帝(di)時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)張(zhang)姓(xing)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)墓(mu)，高34.5厘(li)米(mi)，作(zuo)疾速奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馳(chi)狀，其(qi)右后(hou)蹄(ti)附(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)鳥(niao)，既(ji)(ji)表現(xian)其(qi)高度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)浪漫主(zhu)義(yi)意(yi)境(jing)，又(you)(you)(you)穩(wen)定(ding)了(le)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)俑(yong)(yong)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)心，堪稱(cheng)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)古代青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)藝術中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)與倫比(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍品(pin)。 對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)其(qi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)長(chang)期以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)卻有(you)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爭(zheng)議(yi)，據云當(dang)時(shi)(shi)被定(ding)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”，也(ye)(ye)有(you)學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)引經(jing)(jing)據典，將(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)定(ding)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)超(chao)龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)”。最后(hou)可(ke)能(neng)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)眾(zhong)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)紛壇，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)奈(nai)之下取(qu)(qu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”。“銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)雖然簡(jian)明(ming)(ming)扼(e)要，但有(you)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，未愜人意(yi)。 長(chang)期以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)主(zhu)要有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下幾種(zhong)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)： 1、“銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo) 銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)俑(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)造型(xing)雄駿非(fei)凡，它昂(ang)首(shou)(shou)嘶(si)鳴，馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)蹄(ti)騰空(kong)(kong)(kong)，作(zuo)風(feng)馳(chi)電掣般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馳(chi)，因(yin)而(er)，經(jing)(jing)郭(guo)沫(mo)若(ruo)先生鑒定(ding)，命名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)成，也(ye)(ye)稱(cheng)“青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)具銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)俑(yong)(yong)最早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)法(fa)。 2、“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo) 雖然“銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)謂比(bi)較直觀明(ming)(ming)了(le)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)具銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)俑(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精妙之處(chu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)后(hou)蹄(ti)下踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)鳥(niao)，僅以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)“奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之，顯然不(bu)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表現(xian)其(qi)浪漫主(zhu)義(yi)意(yi)境(jing)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)有(you)人將(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表明(ming)(ming)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)正在作(zuo)凌(ling)空(kong)(kong)(kong)掠過(guo)(guo)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)背(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)馳(chi)。據說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)1971年9月(yue)， 郭(guo)沫(mo)若(ruo)陪同(tong)柬埔寨賓奴親王訪(fang)問蘭(lan)州，看(kan)(kan)到(dao)(dao)了(le)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)匹(pi)(pi)珍藏在甘(gan)(gan)肅(su)(su)省(sheng)博物館(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稀世珍寶(bao)，又(you)(you)(you)將(jiang)(jiang)之命名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”。 3、“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)”說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo) 針對(dui)(dui)(dui)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，有(you)人提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)不(bu)同(tong)看(kan)(kan)法(fa)，認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)俑(yong)(yong)所(suo)(suo)附(fu)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)鳥(niao)，從(cong)造型(xing)看(kan)(kan)不(bu)像是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)子，而(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)應(ying)該(gai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)”或(huo)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)超(chao)龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)”。 4、“飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)騮(liu)(liu)”說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo) ——為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)正名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。前(qian)面(mian)幾種(zhong)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)，看(kan)(kan)似有(you)些(xie)道(dao)理(li)，但明(ming)(ming)眼人一(yi)(yi)(yi)細致品(pin)味便(bian)不(bu)難發現(xian)——其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)帶有(you)明(ming)(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代漢(han)語(yu)構(gou)詞(ci)(ci)特點(dian)。最近有(you)資深學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)“飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)騮(liu)(liu)”這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)論從(cong)構(gou)詞(ci)(ci)方(fang)式(shi)之嚴謹、還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)意(yi)之準確無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)符合漢(han)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)，堪稱(cheng)迄今為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)止(zhi)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)雕(diao)最貼切(qie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)。 武威(wei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)足(zu)下有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)鳥(niao)，其(qi)象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)之意(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人所(suo)(suo)關注。一(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)到(dao)(dao)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，人們(men)很(hen)快(kuai)想(xiang)到(dao)(dao)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)騰如飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，而(er)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度同(tong)樣(yang)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)庸置(zhi)(zhi)疑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。歷朝多有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)喻(yu)(yu)良(liang)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)之詩(shi)(shi)文(wen)，如南朝沈約詩(shi)(shi)有(you)“紫(zi)(zi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)光陸離”句，注：“紫(zi)(zi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，良(liang)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)也(ye)(ye)。”梁朝簡(jian)文(wen)帝(di)詩(shi)(shi)云：“紫(zi)(zi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)躍武，赤兔越空(kong)(kong)(kong)。”二句中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)赤兔指(zhi)(zhi)良(liang)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，紫(zi)(zi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)亦指(zhi)(zhi)良(liang)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)。李善(shan)注謝靈運詩(shi)(shi)云：“文(wen)帝(di)自(zi)(zi)代還，有(you)良(liang)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)九匹(pi)(pi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)騮(liu)(liu)。” 在古代，武威(wei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)足(zu)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)疑是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)來(lai)比(bi)喻(yu)(yu)良(liang)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)之神(shen)(shen)速，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)造型(xing)讓人一(yi)(yi)(yi)看(kan)(kan)便(bian)知其(qi)意(yi)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)應(ying)直截了(le)當(dang)取(qu)(qu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“紫(zi)(zi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)騮(liu)(liu)”或(huo)“飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)騮(liu)(liu)”，此(ci)(ci)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)恰合古意(yi)，最為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雅致貼切(qie)。 5、“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo) 持此(ci)(ci)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)神(shen)(shen)，即(ji)(ji)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)廉，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)神(shen)(shen)鳥(niao)，豈能(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)所(suo)(suo)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)之物?東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)張(zhang)衡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)京賦(fu)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)“ 銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)雀(que)(que)(que)蟠蜿，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)半漢(han)”之句，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)稱(cheng)皇(huang)宮內龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que)、天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)兩件對(dui)(dui)(dui)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)陳(chen)列品(pin)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)具銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)俑(yong)(yong)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”。《漢(han)書·禮(li)(li)樂志(zhi)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)《西(xi)極(ji)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)之歌(ge)(ge)》曾記載，“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”足(zu)踩浮(fu)云，身可(ke)騰空(kong)(kong)(kong)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)馳(chi)，奔(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，正是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遨游(you)空(kong)(kong)(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)。 6、“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)神(shen)(shen)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)駟(si)”說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo) 與前(qian)幾種(zhong)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)法(fa)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)也(ye)(ye)受到(dao)(dao)了(le)置(zhi)(zhi)疑。有(you)人提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)：“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”在漢(han)代專指(zhi)(zhi)大宛(wan)汗血馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)及與此(ci)(ci) 有(you)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宮內陳(chen)列品(pin)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)明(ming)(ming)帝(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)廉(即(ji)(ji)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)龍(long)雀(que)(que)(que))、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(即(ji)(ji)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”)于(yu)洛陽，曾親自(zi)(zi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)行(xing)到(dao)(dao)西(xi)安迎取(qu)(qu)，甚至(zhi)不(bu)惜下嫁 宗室女子，或(huo)令(ling)大軍(jun)征(zheng)(zheng)戰，才求得汗血馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)謂“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)作(zuo)《西(xi)極(ji)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)之歌(ge)(ge)》，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)帝(di)王祭(ji)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)禮(li)(li)樂之一(yi)(yi)(yi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)歌(ge)(ge)頌(song)漢(han)家(jia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功德。 無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)論“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)真(zhen)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，都(dou)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皇(huang)室威(wei)儀(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)，臣(chen)民(min)不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)享(xiang)用(yong)，武威(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)墓(mu)主(zhu)張(zhang)姓(xing)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)怎(zen)能(neng)例外?有(you)人又(you)(you)(you)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)具銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)俑(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)神(shen)(shen)——天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)駟(si)”。“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)駟(si)”指(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上二十八星宿之東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)蒼龍(long)七宿中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)四位星，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“房”，即(ji)(ji)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)駟(si) ”，亦稱(cheng)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)神(shen)(shen)”。秦(qin)漢(han)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)人們(men)都(dou)崇(chong)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)駟(si)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)神(shen)(shen)”，自(zi)(zi)商(shang)周以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)，征(zheng)(zheng)戰中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)都(dou)少(shao)不(bu)了(le)駿馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，因(yin)而(er)就(jiu)產生了(le)對(dui)(dui)(dui)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)祖(zu)神(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)崇(chong)拜與祭(ji)祀。 武威(wei)漢(han)墓(mu)主(zhu)人張(zhang)姓(xing)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)生前(qian)率(lv)騎戍邊，供(gong)奉馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)神(shen)(shen)，死后(hou)殉葬(zang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)神(shen)(shen)，當(dang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)自(zi)(zi)然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事情(qing)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)解釋，就(jiu)墓(mu)主(zhu)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)官職 和職業特征(zheng)(zheng)來(lai)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)駟(si)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)猶言駟(si)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)行(xing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)足(zu)踏(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)飛(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)來(lai)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)(ming)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)駟(si)”和象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)其(qi)所(suo)(suo)處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間位置(zhi)(zhi)。

馬踏(ta)飛(fei)燕(yan)，又名“銅奔馬”、“馬超龍(long)雀”等(deng)，為(wei)東漢青銅器，國寶級文物，1969年(nian)10月出土于(yu)甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)武威市雷臺漢墓，現(xian)藏于(yu)甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)博物館(guan)，為(wei)甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)博物館(guan)鎮館(guan)之寶。

馬踏(ta)(ta)飛燕(yan)通(tong)高34.5厘(li)米(mi)，長45厘(li)米(mi)，寬13.1厘(li)米(mi)，重(zhong)7.3千克(ke)，造(zao)型(xing)矯健精美，作昂(ang)首嘶(si)鳴，疾足奔(ben)馳狀，顯示了一種勇往直前的(de)豪情壯志，是中華(hua)民族(zu)偉大氣質的(de)象(xiang)征。馬踏(ta)(ta)飛燕(yan)的(de)爭議

1、奔“馬”的爭議

中國旅游(you)標志(zhi)的(de)文(wen)物原型是什么馬(ma)，主要有四種說(shuo)(shuo)法。一(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)是“天馬(ma)”。雷臺漢(han)墓出土的(de)銅奔馬(ma)體(ti)型高大(da)，騰空飛馳，與(yu)漢(han)武帝時(shi)從(cong)西北(bei)引(yin)進(jin)的(de)“天馬(ma)”很像；二說(shuo)(shuo)是“神(shen)馬(ma)”。神(shen)馬(ma)又叫“天駟(si)”，騎行神(shen)速。“天駟(si)”本指天上二十八星宿之東方蒼(cang)龍(long)七宿中的(de)第四位星，名“房”，亦(yi)稱“馬(ma)祖神(shen)”；三說(shuo)(shuo)“紫燕騮(liu)”。

騮指黑鬣、黑尾巴的紫紅色駿(jun)馬(ma)，騎行速度快，如飛燕般(ban)。漢文帝有被稱為“九逸(yi)”的良馬(ma)九匹(pi)，其(qi)中有一匹(pi)便是(shi)(shi)“紫燕騮”；還有一說是(shi)(shi)“特勒驃”。特勒驃本是(shi)(shi)唐太宗所擁有的“六駿(jun)”之一，其(qi)奔跑(pao)時(shi)一側(ce)前后腿(tui)同(tong)時(shi)凌空騰踔(chuo)，名“對側(ce)步”，能跑(pao)“對側(ce)步”的馬(ma)是(shi)(shi)特種良馬(ma)，非常(chang)稀(xi)少。

2、踏“鳥”的爭議

銅奔馬爭議(yi)最(zui)多(duo)的是所踏的“鳥”。第一種(zhong)(zhong)觀(guan)(guan)點是郭(guo)沫若(ruo)所稱的燕(yan)子(zi)；第二(er)種(zhong)(zhong)觀(guan)(guan)點是“龍(long)雀(que)(que)”。東漢張衡《東京賦》中有(you)“龍(long)雀(que)(que)蟠蜿，天馬半漢”之語，龍(long)雀(que)(que)乃(nai)秦(qin)漢神話傳說的風神“飛廉”，能把風神踏在(zai)蹄下(xia)；第三種(zhong)(zhong)觀(guan)(guan)點是“燕(yan)隼”。

燕(yan)隼體(ti)型大小如(ru)鴿，形似雨燕(yan)，飛行迅(xun)速；第(di)四(si)種(zhong)觀點是“烏鴉”。此說從浙江龍(long)游石窟中的“天(tian)馬(ma)行空”圖中找(zhao)到靈感：“天(tian)馬(ma)”前蹄(ti)在(zai)“烏”背上方，好像(xiang)在(zai)追趕著烏鴉。